ط¢ط®ط± ط§ظ„ط£ط®ط ̈ط§ط±

ط3ظ‡ط§ ط§ظ„ط.ظˆظ8ظ„ ظˆط§ظ„ط±ط§ط­ظ„ ظ8ط§ط3ط± ط1ط±ظپط§طه
ظƒظ†طه ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ظپظ8ظ„ط§ ط§ظ„ط3ط±ظ‘ظ8ط© ط§ظ„طهظ8 ط3ظƒظ†ظ‡ط§ ظ8ط§ط3ط± ط1ط±ظپط§طه ظپظ8 طهظˆظ†ط3طŒ ط ̈ط1ط ̄ ظ†ظپظ8ظ‡ ظ...ظ† ط ̈ظ8ط±ظˆطهطŒ ظˆظƒظ†طه ط£طهط ̈ط§ط ̄ظ„ ط£ط.ط±ط§ظپ ط§ظ„ط­ط ̄ظ8ط« ظ...ط1 ط ́ط§ط ̈ظ‘ط© ط¬ظ...ظ8ظ„ط©طŒ ظˆظپط¬ط£ط© ط§ط؛ط±ظˆط±ظ‚طه ط1ظ8ظ†ط§ظ‡ط§ ط ̈ط§ظ„ط ̄ظ...ظˆط1طŒ ظˆظ‚ط§ظ„طه ظ„ظ8 ط ̈طμظˆطه ظ8ط­ظ...ظ„ ط±ط1ط ́ط© ظ...ط¤ط«ط±ط© : "ط1ط±ظپط§طه ظ‡ظˆ ظ‚ط ̄ط±ظ8".
ظƒط§ظ† ط°ظ„ظƒ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‚ط§ط، ظ‚ط ̈ظ„ 20 ط1ط§ظ...ط§ظ‹طŒ ظˆظƒط§ظ† ظ...ط¶ظ‰ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط2ظˆط§ط¬ظ‡ط§ ط ̈ط§ظ„ط2ط1ظ8ظ... ط§ظ„ظپظ„ط3ط.ظ8ظ†ظ8 "ظ8ط§ط3ط± ط1ط±ظپط§طه" ط1ط§ظ...ط§ظ†طŒ ط1ط§ط ́طه ط®ظ„ط§ظ„ظ‡ظ...ط§ ط1ط ́ظ‚ظ‡ط§ ط§ظ„ط3ط±ظ...ط ̄ظ8 ظ„ظ„ط2ط1ظ8ظ... ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 ظ8ط­ظ„ظˆ ظ„ظ‡ط§ ط£ظ† طهظ„ظ‚ط ̈ظ‡ ط ̈ظ€ "ط§ظ„ط£ط3ط.ظˆط±ط©"طŒ ظˆط§ظ„ط°ظ8 طهط2ظˆط¬طه ظ...ظ†ظ‡ ط ̈ط§ظ„ط3ط± ظپظ8 17 طهظ...ظˆط2/ ظ8ظˆظ„ظ8ظˆ 1990طŒ ط§ظ„ظ...ظˆط§ظپظ‚ ط1ظ8ط ̄ ظ...ظ8ظ„ط§ط ̄ظ‡ط§طŒ ظپظ8 ظˆظ‚طه ط ́ظ‡ط ̄طه ظپظ8ظ‡ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط.ظ‚ط© ط§ظ„ط1ط±ط ̈ظ8ط© طهط.ظˆط±ط§طه ط ̄ط±ط§ظ...ط§طهظ8ظƒظ8ط©طŒ ظ†طهط¬ ط1ظ†ظ‡ط§ ط§ط­طهظ„ط§ظ„ ط§ظ„ط±ط¦ظ8ط3 ط§ظ„ط1ط±ط§ظ‚ظ8 ط§ظ„ط3ط§ط ̈ظ‚طŒ طμط ̄ظ‘ط§ظ... ط­ط3ظ8ظ† ظ„ظ„ظƒظˆظ8طه.
ط1ط§ط±ط¶ ط§ظ„ظƒط«ظ8ط±ظˆظ† ط°ظ„ظƒ ط§ظ„ط2ظˆط§ط¬طŒ ط¥ط° ط±ط£ظ‰ ط£طμط ̄ظ‚ط§ط، "ط£ط ̈ظˆ ط1ظ...ظ‘ط§ط±" ط£ظ† ط°ظ„ظƒ ط§ظ„ط2ظˆط§ط¬ ظ...ظ† ط ́ط£ظ†ظ‡ ط£ظ† ظ8ط ̈ط1ط ̄ ط2ط1ظ8ظ...ظ‡ظ... ط1ظ† ط§ظ„ظ‚ط¶ظ8ط©طŒ ط§ظ„طهظ8 ط.ط§ظ„ظ...ط§ طهط؛ظ†ظ‰ ط ̈ط2ظˆط§ط¬ظ‡ ظ...ظ†ظ‡ط§طŒ ظƒظ...ط§ ظ„ظ... ظ8طهظ‚ط ̈ظ„ظˆط§ ط£ظ† ظ8ظƒظˆظ† ظ„ظ‡ ط­ظ8ط§ط© ط®ط§طμط©طŒ ط£ط3ظˆط© ط ̈ط3ط§ط¦ط± ط§ظ„ط£ط ́ط®ط§طμ ط§ظ„ط¢ط®ط±ظ8ظ†.
ط؛ط§ط ̄ط±طه ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط؛ط2ظ‘ط©طŒ ظ„ظ„ظ‚ط§ط، ط§ظ„ط2ط1ظ8ظ... ط1ط±ظپط§طهطŒ ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 ط ̈ط ̄ط§ ظƒظ...ط§ ظ„ظˆ ط£ظ†ظ‡ ظ8ظ†ظ‡ط¶ ظ...ظ† طهط­طه ط±ظ...ط§ط ̄ظ‡طŒ ظˆط°ظ„ظƒ ط ̈ط1ط ̄ "ظ...ط1ط§ظ‡ط ̄ط© ط£ظˆط3ظ„ظˆ"طŒ ظ„ظƒظ† ظ„ظ... ظ8طهط3ظ† ظ„ظ8 ط3ظˆظ‰ ط¥ط¬ط±ط§ط، ط§طهطμط§ظ„ظچ ظ‡ط§طهظپظ8 ظ...ط1 ط§ظ„ط3ظ8ط ̄ط© ط3ظ‡ط§ ظˆظ‚طهط¦ط°طŒ ظ„ط£ظ„طهظ‚ظ8 ظ...ط1ظ‡ط§ ظپظ8 "ط¬ط2ظ8ط±ط© ظ...ط§ظ„ط.ط§" ط§ظ„ط¢ظ†طŒ ط ̈ط1ط ̄ 21 ط1ط§ظ...ط§ظ‹.
ظ‚ط¶ظ8طه ظ...ط1 ط§ظ„ط3ظ8ط ̄ط© ط1ط±ظپط§طه ط«ظ„ط§ط«ط© ط£ظ8ط§ظ...طŒ طهط ̈ط§ط ̄ظ„ظ†ط§ ظپظ8ظ‡ط§ ط£ط.ط±ط§ظپ ط§ظ„ط­ط ̄ظ8ط«طŒ ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ظˆظ‚طه ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 ط1ط2ظپطه ظپظ8ظ‡ط§ ط§ط ̈ظ†طهظ‡ط§ "ط2ظ‡ظˆط©" /17 ط1ط§ظ...ط§ظ‹/ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ط ̈ظ8ط§ظ†ظˆطŒ ظ„طهظƒط ́ظپ ظ„ظ8 طهظپط§طμظ8ظ„ ط§ظ„ط­ط2ظ† ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 ط§ط1طهط±ظ‰ ظ...ط3ظ8ط±ط© ط­ظ8ط§طهظ‡ط§.
ط­ط ̄ط«طهظ†ظ8 ط3ظ‡ط§ ط1ط±ظپط§طه ط1ظ† ط.ظپظˆظ„طهظ‡ط§طŒ ظˆط1ظ† ط1ط§ط¦ظ„طهظ‡ط§ ط§ظ„ظ...ط3ظ8ط­ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ظ‚ط ̄ط3ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ط ̈ط±ط¬ظˆط§ط2ظ8ط©طŒ ظˆظ...ط ̄ط±ط3ط© ط§ظ„ط±ط§ظ‡ط ̈ط§طه ط§ظ„طهظ8 ط ̄ط±ط3طه ظپظ8ظ‡ط§طŒ ظˆط1ظ† ط­ظ8ط§طهظ‡ط§ ظ...ط1 ط§ظ„ط2ط1ظ8ظ... ط§ظ„ظپظ„ط3ط.ظ8ظ†ظ8 ط§ظ„ط±ط§ط­ظ„ ظ8ط§ط3ط± ط1ط±ظپط§طه.
ط°ظƒط±طهظ‡ط§ ظ‚ط§ط¦ظ„ط§ظ‹ ظ„ظ‡ط§: "ط£ظ†طه ط£ط®ط ̈ط±طهظ†ظ8 ظپظ8 طهظˆظ†ط3 ط£ظ† ط1ط±ظپط§طه ظ‡ظˆ ظ‚ط ̄ط±ظƒ"طŒ ظپط£ط¬ط§ط ̈طه ط ̈ط§ط ̈طهط3ط§ظ...ط© ظ...ط±ظ8ط±ط© ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ...ط­ظ8ط§ظ‡ط§: "ظ†ط1ظ... ظƒط§ظ† ظ‚ط ̄ط±ظ8طŒ ظپط£ظ†ط§ ط£ط¤ظ...ظ† ط ̈ط£ظ† ظ‚ط ̄ط±ظ†ط§ ظƒطهط ̈ ظˆظ‚طه ظˆظ„ط ̄ظ†ط§طŒ ظˆط£ظ†ط§ ط£ط¤ظ...ظ† ط ̈ط§ظ„ظ‚ط±ط¢ظ†طŒ ظˆط£ط¤ظ...ظ† ط£ظ†ظƒ ظ„ط§ ظ8ظ...ظƒظ† ط£ظ† طهط؛ظ8ط±ظ8 ظ‚ط ̄ط±ظƒطŒ ظپظ‚ط ̄ط±ظ8 ط§ظ„ظ...ط ́طهط±ظƒ ظ...ط1 ط1ط±ظپط§طه ط ̈ط ̄ط£ ظ...ظ†ط° ط1ظ‡ط ̄ ظ‚ط ̄ظ8ظ...طŒ ظ...ظ†ط° ط§ظ„ط1ط§ظ... 1986-1987طŒ ط­ظ8ط« ظƒظ†طه ظ...ط®ط.ظˆط ̈ط© ظپظ8 ط°ظ„ظƒ ط§ظ„ظˆظ‚طه ظ„ظ...ط­ط§ظ...ظ8 ظپط±ظ†ط3ظ8طŒ ط«ظ... ط£ط­ط ̈ط ̈طه ط1ط±ظپط§طهطŒ ظˆطهط2ظˆط¬ظ†ط§ ط3ط±ط§ظ‹ ظپظ8 طهظˆظ†ط3طŒ ط­طهظ‰ ط£ظ†ظ†ظ8 ظ„ظ... ط£ظ„ط ̈ط3 ظپط3طهط§ظ† ط§ظ„ط2ظپط§ظپ ظˆظ‚طهظ‡ط§طŒ ظˆط§ظ„ط ̄طهظ8 ط1ط§ط±ط¶طه ط§ظ„ظ...ظˆط¶ظˆط1طŒ ظˆط¬ط§ط،طه ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ...طهظ† ط.ط§ط¦ط±ط© ظˆظ†ط§ظ‚ط ́طه ط1ط±ظپط§طهطŒ ط£ظ...ط§ ط§ظ„ط¢ظ† ظپظ‡ظ...طه ظ„ظ...ط§ط°ط§ ط1ط§ط±ط¶طه ظˆط§ظ„ط ̄طهظ8 ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ط2ظˆط§ط¬طŒ ظ„ظˆ ط£ظ†ظ†ظ8 ظƒظ†طه ط£ط1ط±ظپ ظ...ط§ ط3ظ8ط­ظ„ ط ̈ظ8 ظ„ظ...ط§ ظƒظ†طه طهط2ظˆط¬طهطŒ ظ†ط1ظ... ظƒظ†طه ط ̈ط±ظپظ‚ط© ط2ط1ظ8ظ... ظƒط ̈ظ8ط± ظ„ظƒظ†ظ†ظ8 ظƒظ†طه ظˆط­ظ8ط ̄ط©طŒ ظپط1ظ„ط§ظ‹ ط1ط ́طه ط ̄ط§ط®ظ„ ط§ظ„ط3ظ8ط§ط3ط© ظ...ط«ظ„ ط­ط±ظ8ظ... ط§ظ„ط3ظ„ط.ط§ظ†طŒ ظƒظ†ط§ ظ†ط ́ط§ظ‡ط ̄ ط§ظ„ظ...ط3ظ„ط3ظ„ط§طه ط§ظ„طهظ„ظپط2ظ8ظˆظ†ظ8ط© ط£ظ†ط§ ظˆط§ط ̈ظ†طهظ8طŒ ظˆط£ط­ظ8ط§ظ†ط§ طهط3ط£ظ„ظ†ظ8: ط ̈ظ...ظ† طهط ́ط ̈ظ‡ظ8ظ† ظ†ظپط3ظƒطں".
ظˆط1ظ†ط ̄ظ...ط§ ط3ط£ظ„طهظ‡ط§ ط1ظ† ط§ظ„ط1ط§ط¦ظ„ط©طŒ ط§ط2ط ̄ط§ط ̄طه ط§ط ̈طهط3ط§ظ...طهظ‡ط§ ط ́ط­ظˆط ̈ط§ظ‹ ظˆظ‚ط§ظ„طه "ظ„ظ... ظ8ظƒظ† ظ„ظ†ط§ ط1ط§ط¦ظ„ط© ظ8ظˆظ...ط§ظ‹ ظ...ط§طŒ طهط2ظˆط¬طه ط2ط1ظ8ظ... ط§ظ„ط ́ط1ط ̈ ط§ظ„ظپظ„ط3ط.ظ8ظ†ظ8 ط1ظ†ط ̄ظ...ط§ ظƒظ†طه ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط®ط§ظ...ط3ط© ظˆط§ظ„ط1ط ́ط±ظ8ظ† ظ...ظ† ط§ظ„ط1ظ...ط±طŒ ط£ط®ط ̈ط±ظ†ظ8 ط£ظ†ظ‡ ظ„ظ... ظ8ط1ط ́ظ‚ ظپظ8 ط­ظ8ط§طهظ‡ ط3ظˆظ‰ ط§ظ...ط±ط£طهظ8ظ†طŒ ط§ظ„ط£ظˆظ„ظ‰ "ظ†ط ̄ظ‰ ظ8طμط­ظˆط±ظ8طهظ8"طŒ ط§ظ„طهظ8 ظ‚طهظ„طه ظپظ8 ط ̈ظ8ط±ظˆطهطŒ ظˆط§ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظ8ط© ط£ظ†ط§".
ط3ط£ظ„طهظ‡ط§ "ظ‡ظ„ ظ„ظˆ ط1ط§ط ̄ ط ̈ظƒ ط§ظ„ط2ظ...ظ†طŒ ط3طهطهط2ظˆط¬ظ8ظ† ط1ط±ظپط§طهطں"طŒ ظپط£ط¬ط§ط ̈طه ط ̄ظˆظ† طهط±ط ̄ط ̄: "ظ„ط§"طŒ ظˆظƒط±ط±طه:"ظ‡ظ„ ظ‡ط°ط§ ظ8ط1ظ†ظ8 ط£ظ† ط2ظˆط§ط¬ظƒ ظ...ظ† ط1ط±ظپط§طه ظƒط§ظ† ط®ط.ط£طں"طŒ ط£ط¬ط§ط ̈طه: "ط¥ظ†ظ‡ ط®ط.ط£ ظ...ظ† ظ†ط§ط­ظ8ط©طŒ ظˆظ„ظ8ط3 ط®ط.ط£ ظ...ظ† ظ†ط§ط­ظ8ط© ط£ط®ط±ظ‰".
ظˆط§ط3طهط.ط±ط ̄طه: "ظƒظ†طه ط£ط1ط±ظپ ط£ظ† ط§ظ„ظƒط«ظ8ط± ظ...ظ† ط§ظ„ظ†ط3ط§ط، ظƒظ† ظ8ط±ط؛ط ̈ظ† ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط2ظˆط§ط¬ ظ...ظ†ظ‡طŒ ط­ط§ظˆظ„طه ظ...ط±ط§ط±ط§ظ‹ ط£ظ†ظ‡ ط£طهط±ظƒظ‡طŒ ظ„ظƒظ†ظ†ظ8 ظ„ظ... ط£طهظ...ظƒظ† ظ...ظ† ط°ظ„ظƒطŒ ظ„ط£ظ†ظ‡ ظƒط§ظ† ظ‚ط ̄ط±ظ8طŒ ظˆظ„ظ... ظ8ظƒظ† ط ̈ط§ط3طهط.ط§ط1طهظ8 ظپط1ظ„ ط ́ظ8 ط­ظ8ط§ظ„ ط°ظ„ظƒطŒ ظپط£ظ†ط§ ظ†ط§ط ̄ظ...ط© ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط2ظˆط§ط¬ظ8 ظ...ظ†ظ‡".
ظ8ط ́ط§ط± ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط£ظ† ط3ظ‡ط§ ط1ط±ظپط§طه ظˆط§ط¬ظ‡طه ظ...ط1ط§ظ†ط§ط© ظƒط ̈ظ8ط±ط© ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط1ظ8ط ́ ط ̈طهظˆظ†ط3طŒ ط ̈ط1ط ̄ 9 ط£ط1ظˆط§ظ... ظ...ظ† ظˆظپط§ط© ط1ط±ظپط§طهطŒ ط«ظ... ط§ظ†طهظ‚ظ„طه ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ط1ظ8ط ́ ظپظ8 ظ...ط§ظ„ط.ط§طŒ ظˆط ̈ط§ظ„ط±ط؛ظ... ظ...ظ† ط ̈ظ„ظˆط؛ظ‡ط§ ط§ظ„ط®ظ...ط3ظ8ظ† ظ...ظ† ط§ظ„ط1ظ...ط±طŒ ط¥ظ„ط§ ط£ظ†ظ‡ط§ ظ...ط§ ط2ط§ظ„طه ط§ظ...ط±ط£ط© ط¬ظ...ظ8ظ„ط©طŒ طهط ̈ط ̄ظˆ ط1ظ„ظ8ظ‡ط§ ط­ظ8ط§ط© ط§ظ„ط1ط2ظ„ط©.
ظˆط1ظ†ط ̄ ط3ط¤ط§ظ„ظ‡ط§ ط1ظ† ط¥ظ...ظƒط§ظ†ظ8ط© ط2ظˆط§ط¬ظ‡ط§ ظ...ظ† ط¬ط ̄ظ8ط ̄طŒ ط£ظپط§ط ̄طه ط£ظ† ط1ط±ظپط§طه ظ8ط ̈ظ‚ظ‰ ط ̄ط§ط¦ظ...ط§ظ‹ ظ‡ظˆ ط ̈ط.ظ„ظ‡ط§طŒ ظ„ط§ظپطهط©ظ‹ ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط£ظ†ظ‡ ط ̈ط¥ظ...ظƒط§ظ†ظ‡ ط§ظ„ط2ظˆط§ط¬ ظ...ظ† ط±ط¬ظ„ ط«ط±ظ8طŒ ظ„ظƒظ†ظ‡ط§ ظ„ط§ طهظ‚ط ̈ظ„طŒ ظ„ط£ظ†ظ‡ط§ طهط1طهظ‚ط ̄ ط£ظ† ط1ط±ظپط§طه ظ...ط§ ط2ط§ظ„ ظ8ظ†ط ̧ط± ط¥ظ„ظ8ظ‡ط§طŒ ظ...ط¤ظƒط ̄ط© ط£ظ†ظ‡ط§ ظ...ظ†ط ́ط؛ظ„ط© ط­ط§ظ„ظ8ط§ظ‹ ط ̈طهط1ظ„ظ8ظ... ط§ط ̈ظ†طهظ‡ط§.
ط§ظ„ظ...طμط ̄ط±: (ط£ط±ط¶ ظƒظ†ط1ط§ظ†/ ط¬ط±ظ8ط ̄ط© ط§ظ„طμط ̈ط§ط­ ط§ظ„طهط±ظƒظ8ط©/)