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ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8آ
ط ̈ظ‚ظ„ظ...: ظ...ظˆط­ظ‰ ط§ط ̈ظ† ط3ط§ظ8ظ†
ظپظ8 ط ̈ط ̄ط§ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ظˆط3ظ... ط§ظ„ط ̄ط±ط§ط3ظ8 2010-2011 آ طهظ„ظ‚طه ط¥ط ̄ط§ط±ط© "ط§ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط© ط§ظ„طهط£ظ‡ظ8ظ„ظ8ط© ط ̈طهط§ط ̄ظ8ط؛ظˆط3طه"آ ظˆظ...ط1ظ‡ط§ ظ...ط¬ظ...ظˆط1ط© ظ...ظ† ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط§ط¶ظ„ظ8ظ† ط§ظ„ط£ظ...ط§ط2ظ8ط؛ ط ̈ط§ط±طهظ8ط§ط­ ظƒط ̈ظ8ط± ظ†ط ̈ط§ ظ‚ط ̈ظˆظ„ طهط3ظ...ظ8ط© ط¬ط ̄ظ8ط ̄ط© ظ...ظ† ط§ظ‚طهط±ط§ط­ظ‡ظ... ظ„ظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط§ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط©طŒ ط§ظ†ط3ط¬ط§ظ...ط§ ظˆطهظˆط¬ظ‡ط§طه ط§ظ„ظˆط2ط§ط±ط© ظپظ8 ط±ط ̄ ط§ظ„ط§ط1طهط ̈ط§ط± ظ„ط£ط3ظ...ط§ط، ط§ظ„ط£ط1ظ„ط§ظ... ط§ظ„طهظ8 طهط1طهط ̈ط± ط±ظ...ط2ط§ ظ...ظ† ط±ظ...ظˆط2 ط§ظ„ط°ط§ظƒط±ط§طه ط§ظ„ط¬ظ...ط§ط1ظ8ط© ظ„ظƒظ„ ظ...ظ†ط.ظ‚ط© ظˆط°ظ„ظƒ ط ̈ظ...ط«ظ„ ظ‡ط§طهظ‡ ط§ظ„ط§ظ„طهظپط§طهط§طهطŒ ظƒطهط3ظ...ظ8ط© آ ظ...ط¤ط3ط3ط© طهط1ظ„ظ8ظ...ظ8ط© ط ̈ط£ط3ظ...ط§ط، ط ́ط®طμظ8ط§طه ط ̈طμظ...طه طهط§ط±ظ8ط® ظƒظ„ ظ...ظ†ط.ظ‚ط©طŒ ظˆط±ط؛ظ... ط£ظ† ط§ظ„ط§ط3ظ... ط§ظ„ظ...ظ‚طهط±ط­ ظ„ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط© ط§ظ„ط3ط§ظ„ظپط© ط§ظ„ط°ظƒط± ظ8ظ†طهظ...ظ8 ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط£ظƒط ̈ط± ظ‚ط ̈ظ8ظ„ط© ط ̈ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط.ظ‚ط© ظˆط£ظ†ظ‡ ط±ظ...ط2 ظ...ظ† ط±ظ...ظˆط2 ط°ط§ظƒط±طهظ‡ط§ ط§ظ„ط¬ظ...ط§ط1ظ8ط© ط¥ظ„ط§ ط£ظ† ظ‡ظ†ط§ظƒ ط£ط.ط±ط§ظپ ظ„ظ... طهط3طهط3ط؛ ط£ظ† طهط3ظ...ظ‰ ظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط§ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط© ط ̈ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ط§ط3ظ... ط®ط§طμط© ط£ظ† ط£ط­ظپط§ط ̄ظ‡ ظ8ط1ظ8ط ́ظˆظ† ط ̈ظ8ظ†ظ‡ظ...طŒ ظپطهط­ط±ظƒطه ط ̈ط3ط±ط1ط© ط§ظ„ط¶ظˆط، ظˆظ„ط1ط ̈طه ط ̈ظƒظ„ ط£ظˆط±ط§ظ‚ظ‡ط§ ظˆظ†ط2ظ„طه ط ̈ط«ظ‚ظ„ظ‡ط§ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ8ط§ط ̈ط© ظˆط§ظ„ط£ظƒط§ط ̄ظ8ظ...ظ8ط© ظˆط§ظ„ظˆط2ط§ط±ط© ظ„ظƒظ8 ظ„ط§ طهط3ظ...ظ‰ ظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط§ظ„ظ...ط¤ط3ط3ط© ط ̈ط§ط3ظ... ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ط±ط¬ظ„ ط§ظ„ط ̈ط.ظ„ ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 طμظ†ظپظ‡ ط§ظ„طهط§ط±ظ8ط® ظپظ8 ط®ط§ظ†ط© ط§ظ„ط1ط ̧ط§ظ....
طμط±ط§ط1 ط§ظ„ظپط®ط°ط§طه ط§ظ„ظ...ظƒظˆظ†ط© ظ„ظ‚ط ̈ظ8ظ„ط© "ط£ظ8طه ظ...ط±ط؛ط§ط ̄"طŒ ظ†ط3ظ...ط1ظ‡ ط1ظ†ط ̄ ط؛ظ8ط± ط§ظ„ظ...طهط1ظ„ظ...ظ8ظ† ظˆظ‡ط°ط§ ط ́ظ8ط، ط.ط ̈ظ8ط1ظ8 طهط1ط§ظ8ط ́ظ†ط§ ظ...ط1ظ‡طŒ ط£ظˆ ط1ظ†ط ̄ ط ̈ط1ط¶ ط§ظ„ظ...طهط1ظ„ظ...ظ8ظ† ظˆظ‡ط°ط§ ط؛ظ8ط± ظ...ظ‚ط ̈ظˆظ„ ظˆظ...ط ̄ط§ظ† ط ̈ظƒظ„ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ‚ط§ظ8ظ8ط3 ظˆظ„ظˆ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط3ط ̈ظ8ظ„ ط§ظ„طهط3ظ„ظ8ط©طŒ ظ„ظƒظ† ط£ظ† طهطμظ„ ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط ̄ط±ط¬ط© ط±ظپط¶ ط¥ط1ط§ط ̄ط© ط§ظ„ط§ط1طهط ̈ط§ط± ظ„ط±ظ...ط2 ظ...ظ† ط±ظ...ظˆط2 ظ‚ط ̈ظ8ظ„طهظ‡ظ... طهط­طه ط°ط±ظ8ط1ط© ط£ظ†ظ‡ ظ8ظ†طهظ...ظ8 ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ظپط®ط°ط© ظƒط°ط§ ط£ظˆ ظƒط°ط§…ظپظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط¬ط±ظ8ظ...ط© ظ„ط§ ظ8ظ†ط ̈ط؛ظ8 ط§ظ„ط3ظƒظˆطه ط1ظ†ظ‡ط§.
ط3ط£ظ„ "ط£ط3طهط§ط°" ط ̈ظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط§ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط© طهظ„ط§ظ...ط°طهظ‡ ط1ظ† ظ...ط1ط§ط±ظپ ظ„ظ‡ط§ ط1ظ„ط§ظ‚ط© ط ̈ظ...ط§ ظ8طهظ„ظ‚ظˆظ†ظ‡ ظ...ظ† ط ̄ط±ظˆط3 ظپظ8 ظ...ط§ط ̄طهظ‡ ظˆظƒط§ظ† ط°ظ„ظƒ ظ...طهط2ط§ظ...ظ†ط§ ظ...ط1 طμط ̄ظˆط± ظ...ط°ظƒط±ط© طهط3ظ...ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط© ط ̈ط§ط3ظ..."ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط© ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8"طŒ ظˆظ„ظ...ط§ طهط1ط°ط±طه ط1ظ„ظ8ظ‡ظ... ط§ظ„ط¥ط¬ط§ط ̈ط©طŒ ط1ظˆظ‰ ظˆظ‚ط§ظ„: "ط ̈ط§ظ8ظ† ط§ظ„ظƒظ„ط§ط® ط ̄ظ8ط§ظ„ظƒظ... ظ...ظ† ط3ظ...ظ8طه ظ...ط¤ط3ط3طهظƒظ..." ظˆظ„ظ...ط§ طهظ†ط§ظ‡طه ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط1ظ„ظ...ظ8 ظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط§ظ„ط¥ظ‡ط§ظ†ط©طŒ ظ†ط§ظ‚ط ́طه ط§ظ„ط£ظ...ط± ظ...ط1 ط§ظ„ط£ط3طهط§ط° ط§ظ„ظ...ط1ظ†ظ8 ط ̈ط§ظ„ط£ظ...ط±طŒ ظˆط3ط£ظ„طهظ‡ ط1ظ† ظ...ط ̄ظ‰ ظ...ط1ط±ظپطهظ‡ ط¬ط3ط§ظ...ط© ط§ظ„ط¬ط±ظ... ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 ط§ط±طهظƒط ̈ظ‡ ظپظ8 ط­ظ‚ طهط§ط±ظ8ط®ظ†ط§ ظˆط°ط§ظƒط±طهظ†ط§ ط§ظ„ط¬ظ...ط§ط1ظ8ط©… ط£ظ†ظƒط± ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط ̈ط ̄ط§ظ8ط© ط¥ظ„ط§ ط£ظ† ط ̄ظ„ط§ط¦ظ„ظ8 ط­ط§طμط±طهظ‡ ظˆظ„ظ... طهطهط±ظƒ ظ„ظ‡ ظ...ظ†ظپط°ط§ ظ„ظ„ظ‡ط±ظˆط ̈طŒ ظˆط®ظ„ظ‚طه ظ„ط ̄ظ8ظ‡ ظپظˆط¶ظ‰ ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط°ط§ظƒط±ط© ظˆ ط§ظ„ط­ظˆط§ط3 ظˆط ̈ط ̄ط£ ظ8طهظ„ط1ط«ظ... ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ظƒظ„ط§ظ...…ط§ظ„ظ...ظ‡ظ... ط£ظ†ظ‡ ط§ط1طهط°ط± ظ„ظ8 ط ̄ظˆظ† ط£ظ† ظ8ط1طهط°ط± ظ„ظ„طهظ„ط§ظ...ظ8ط°…ظˆطهط±ظƒطه ط§ظ„ط­ظƒط§ظ8ط© ظ‡ظ†ط§ ط¢ظ...ظ„ط§ ط£ظ†ظ‡ ط3ظ8ط£طهظ8 ظ8ظˆظ... ظ†ظ„ظ‚ظ8 ظپظ8ظ‡ ظ...ط­ط§ط¶ط±ط© ط1ظ† ط­ظ8ط§ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط§ط¶ظ„ "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ظˆطهطهظˆط¬ ط ̈طهط1ظ„ظ8ظ‚ "ط ̈ظ„ط§ظƒط©" ط ̈ط§ط3ظ...ظ‡ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ...ط ̄ط®ظ„ ط§ظ„ظ...ط¤ط3ط3ط© ظƒظ...ط§ ظƒط§ظ† ظ...ط ̈ط±ظ...ط¬ط§ ظ...ط1 ط¥ط ̄ط§ط±ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ط¤ط3ط3ط© ط¥ظ„ط§ ط£ظ† ط¢ظ...ط§ظ„ظ†ط§ ط°ظ‡ط ̈طه ط£ط ̄ط±ط§ط¬ ط§ظ„ط±ظ8ط§ط­…
ط£ظ„ظپظ†ط§ ظ...ظ†ط° ط1ظ‚ظˆط ̄ ظپط±ط¶ طهط3ظ...ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ط¤ط3ط3ط§طه ط§ظ„طهط1ظ„ظ8ظ...ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ظ‚ظ„ظ8ظ„ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ظˆط¬ظˆط ̄ط© ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط.ظˆظ„ ظˆط§ط ̄"ط؛ط±ظ8ط3" ط ̈طهط3ظ...ظ8ط§طه ط؛ط±ظ8ط ̈ط© ظˆط ̄ط®ظ8ظ„ط©طŒ ظ8ط ̄ط§ط±ظ8 ط§ظ„ط£ط­ط±ط§ط± ظ...ط±ط§ط±طهظ‡ط§ ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط£ط1ظ...ط§ظ‚ ظƒظ„ظ...ط§ "ط3ظ‚ط.طه" ط§ظ„ط1ظ8ظ† ط1ظ„ظ8ظ‡ط§طŒ ظˆظ8طμظپظ‚ ظˆظ8طهط ̈ط§ظ‡ظ‰ ط ̈ظ‡ط§ ط®ط ̄ط§ظ... ط§ظ„ظ...ط®ط2ظ† ظˆ"ط ̈ط±ظƒط§ظƒظ8ظ‡"طŒ ظپظ„ظ8ط3 ط؛ط±ظ8ط ̈ط§ ط§ظ„ظ8ظˆظ... ط£ظ† ظ8ظ†طهظپط¶ظˆط§ ط¶ط ̄ ط§ط3ظ... "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 ظ‚ط¶ ظ...ط¶ط¬ط1ظ‡ظ... ط§ظ„ط£ظ...ط3 ط ̈ظ„ط­ظ...ظ‡ ظˆط ̄ظ...ظ‡طŒ ظˆط ̈ط°ط1ط±ظ‡ظ... ظˆآ ط§ط±طهط1ط§ط ̄ ظپط±ط§ط¦طμظ‡ظ... ط ̈ظ...ط¬ط±ط ̄ ط°ظƒط± ط§ط3ظ...ظ‡ ط§ظ„ظ8ظˆظ...…ظˆظ„ظ8ط3 ظ...ظپط§ط¬ط¦ط§ ط£ظ† ظ8ظ‚ط ̈ظ„ظˆط§ ط ̈ط§ظ„ط£ط­ط¶ط§ظ† ط§ظ„طهط3ظ...ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ط ̈ط ̄ظ8ظ„ط© ظ„ظ€:"ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظ†طهظ8"ط ̈ظ€:"ظ...ظˆظ„ط§ظ8 ط1ظ„ظ8 ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ8ظپ".
ظپظ‚ط ̄ ظ8ظƒظˆظ† ظ...ظ‚ط ̈ظˆظ„ط§ ط£ظ† طهط3ظ...ظ‰ ط§ظ„ط«ط§ظ†ظˆظ8ط©آ ط ̈ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ط§ط3ظ... ط§ظ„ط ̈ط ̄ظ8ظ„ ط£ظˆ ط ̈ط؛ظ8ط±ظ‡طŒ ظ„ظƒظ† ظ...ظ† ط؛ظ8ط± ط§ظ„ظ...ط3طهط3ط§ط؛ ط£ظ†" ظ8ط ̈ظ‡ط ̄ظ„" ظˆظ8ظ‡ط§ظ† ط§ط3ظ... ظ8ط1ظ†ظ8 ظ„ظ†ط§ ط§ظ„ط ́ظ8ط، ط§ظ„ظƒط«ظ8ط±طŒ ظ„ظˆ ط3ط£ظ„ظ†ط§ طμط§ط­ط ̈ظ‡ ظپظ8 ظ‚ط ̈ط±ظ‡ ظ„طهط1ظپظپ ط1ظ† ط°ظ„ظƒطŒ ظƒظ...ط§ طهط1ظپظپ ط1ظ†آ ظ...ظ†طμط ̈ ظ‚ط§ط¦ط ̄ "ط£ظ8طه ظ...ط±ط؛ط§ط ̄" ط ̈ط£ط3ظˆظ„ ظˆظ‡ظˆ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ‚ظ8ط ̄ ط§ظ„ط­ظ8ط§ط© ظˆظ„ظˆظ„ط§ ط¶ط؛ط. "ط£ظ8طه ط1ظ8ط3ظ‰ ظ8ط2ظ..." ظ„ظ...ط§ ظپط1ظ„…
طهط­ط±ظ8طه ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط£ظ...ط± ظˆظ„ظ... ط£ط¬ط ̄ ط®ظ8ط.ط§ ظ†ط§ط ̧ظ...ط§ ظ8ط¤ط ̄ظ8 ط ̈ظ8 ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ط­ظ‚ظ8ظ‚ط©طŒ ط­ظ‚ظ8ظ‚ط© ط3ط ̈ط ̈ ظ...ظ†ط1 ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ط§ط3ظ...طŒ ظ„ظ... ط£ط¬ط ̄ ط3ظˆظ‰ ط£ظ† ط±ط¦ظ8ط3 ط¬ظ...ط1ظ8ط© ط¢ط ̈ط§ط، ظˆ ط£ظˆظ„ظ8ط§ط، ط§ظ„طهظ„ط§ظ...ظ8ط° ط±ظپط¶ظ‡ ظ„ط£ظ†ظ‡ ظ...ط§ط2ط§ظ„ ظ8ظگط¤ظ...ظ† ط ̈ط®ط±ط§ظپط© ط§ظ†طهظ...ط§ط¦ظ‡ ط¥ظ„ظ‰ "ط§ظ„ظ†ط3ط ̈ ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ8ظپ"طŒ ظ„ظ‡ط°ط§ "ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ8ظپ " ط£ظ‚ظˆظ„:" ط¥ظ† ط±ط¦ط§ط3طهظƒ ظ„طهظ„ظƒ ط§ظ„ط¬ظ...ط1ظ8ط© ط؛ظ8ط± ظ‚ط§ظ†ظˆظ†ظ8طŒ ظپظ„ط§ ط§ط ̈ظ† ظ„ظƒ ظ‡ظ†ط§ظƒ ظˆظ„ط3طه ط­ط§ط¶ظ†ط§ ظ„ط£ط­ط ̄ ظپط§ط ̈ط­ط« ظ„ظƒ ط1ظ† ط¬ظ...ط1ظ8ط© ط£ط®ط±ظ‰ طهط3طهط ̧ظ„ ط ̈ظ‡ط§طŒ ظˆط£ظ† ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ8ظپ ط§ظ„ط­ظ‚ظ8ظ‚ظ8 ظ‡ظˆ ظ...ظ† ط ́ط±ظپطه ط£ط®ظ„ط§ظ‚ظ‡ ظˆط§ط؛طهط±ظپ ظ...ظ† ظ‚ظ8ظ... ط§ظ„ط£ط®ظ8ط§ط± ظˆط3ط§ط± ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ†ظ‡ط¬ ط§ظ„ط£طهظ‚ظ8ط§ط،…"طŒ ط ̈ط§ظ„ط¥ط¶ط§ظپط© ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط ̄ظˆط±ط© ط§ط3طهط«ظ†ط§ط¦ظ8ط© ط1ظ‚ط ̄ظ‡ط§ ط§ظ„ظ...ط¬ظ„ط3 ط§ظ„ط¬ظ...ط§ط1ظ8 "ظ„طهط§ط ̄ظ8ط؛ظˆط3طه" ط®طμظ8طμط§ ظ„ظ„ط ̈ط« ظپظ8 ظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط§ظ„طهط3ظ...ظ8ط© ظˆظƒط§ظ† ط§ظ„ظ‚ط±ط§ط± ظ‡ظˆ ط§ظ„ط±ظپط¶طŒ ظˆطهط3ط±ط ̈طه ط£ط®ط ̈ط§ط± ط­ظˆظ„ ط£ظ† ظ‡ظ†ط§ظƒ ط¶ط؛ظˆط.ط§طه ظ...ظ† ط¬ظ‡ط§طه ظپظˆظ‚ظ8ط© طهط±ظپط¶ ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ط§ط3ظ... ط ̈ط§ظ„ظ...ط.ظ„ظ‚.
ظˆط ̈ظ...ط§ ط£ظ† ط­ط ̈ظ„ ط°ط§ظƒط±ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ط؛ط§ط±ط ̈ط© ظ‚طμظ8ط±طŒ ظپظ„ط§ ط ̈ط£ط3 ط£ظ† ظ†ط°ظƒط±ظ‡ظ... ط ̈ظ...ظ† ظ8ظƒظˆظ† ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ظ‡ط±ظ... ظˆط£ظ† ظ†طهظ†ط§ظˆظ„ ظ†ط2ط±ط§ ظ‚ظ„ظ8ظ„ط§ ظ...ظ† ط£طμط ̄ط§ط، ط3ظ8ط±طهظ‡ ط§ظ„ط°ط§طهظ8ط©.
ط±ط£ظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط§ط¶ظ„ ظˆط§ظ„ط2ط1ظ8ظ... ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ "ط£ظˆط3ظƒظ†طهظ8" ط§ظ„ظ†ظˆط± ط­ظˆط§ظ„ظ8 1890 ط ̈ظ€: "طهط§ط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8طه" ط ̈ظ†ظˆط§ط­ظ8 "ط¥ظ8ط؛ظپظ...ط§ظ†" ط ̈ظ‚ظ8ط§ط ̄ط© "ط£ظ...ظ„ط§ظƒظˆ"طŒ ظ...ظ† ظ‚ط ̈ظ8ظ„ط© "ط£ظ8طه ظ...ط±ط؛ط§ط ̄"طŒ ظپط±ظ‚ط© "ط£ظ8طه ط1ظ8ط3ظ‰ ظ8ط2ظ..."طŒ ط£ظ† ظ8طμط ̈ط­ ظپط§ط±ط3ط§ ظˆظ...ط­ط§ط±ط ̈ط§ ظ„ط§ ظ8ط ́ظ‚ ظ„ظ‡ ط؛ط ̈ط§ط± ظƒط§ظ† ط­ظ„ظ...ط§ ظ8ط±ط§ظˆط ̄ظ‡ ظ...ظ†ط° طμط؛ط±ظ‡طŒ ظˆظ‚ط ̄ ظ„ط§ط­طه ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط£ظپظ‚ ط ̈ظˆط§ط ̄ط± طهط­ظ‚ظ8ظ‚ ط­ظ„ظ...ظ‡ ط3ظ†ط© 1908 ط1ظ†ط ̄ظ...ط§ ط§طμط.ط­ط ̈ظ‡ ظˆط§ظ„ط ̄ظ‡ ط¥ظ„ظ‰" ط ̈ظˆط°ظ†ظ8ط ̈" ط¶ظ...ظ† ط­ط ́ظˆط ̄ ط§ظ„ظ...ط¬ط§ظ‡ط ̄ظ8ظ† ظ„ظ...ط­ط§ظˆظ„ط© طμط ̄ ط§ظ„ط§ط­طهظ„ط§ظ„ ط§ظ„ظپط±ظ†ط3ظ8طŒ ط«ظ... ط ̈ط1ط«ظ‡ ظ„ظ„ظ...ظ‚ط§ظ... ط1ظ†ط ̄ ط§ظ„ظ‚ط§ط¦ط ̄ "ظ...ظˆط­ظ‰ ط£ظˆ ط1ط3ظˆ" ط ̈ظ...ظ8ط ̄ظ„طه"طŒ ط­ظ8ط« ط®ط§ظ„ط. ظˆط¬ظ‡ط§ط، ظ...ظ„ظˆظ8ط© ظˆط§ظ„ط£ط.ظ„ط3 ط§ظ„ظ...طهظˆط3ط. ظˆطهط1ط±ظپ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط£ط­ظˆط§ظ„ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط.ظ‚ط© ظˆط§ظ„ط£ط­ط ̄ط§ط« ط§ظ„ط¬ط§ط±ظ8ط© ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ظ...ط؛ط±ط ̈ ظˆط§ظ„ط£ط.ظ...ط§ط1 ط§ظ„ط§ط3طهط1ظ...ط§ط±ظ8ط© ط§ظ„ظ...ط­ط ̄ظ‚ط© ط ̈ظ‡طŒ ظˆظ‚ط ̄ ط ́ط§ط±ظƒ ط£ظˆ ظ‚ط§ط ̄ ط§ظ„ظ...ط1ط§ط±ظƒ ط§ظ„طهظ8 ط ̄ط§ط±طه ط±ط­ط§ظ‡ط§ ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط¬ظ†ظˆط ̈ ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ‚ظ8 ط¶ط ̄ ط§ظ„ط§ط­طهظ„ط§ظ„ ط§ظ„ظپط±ظ†ط3ظ8 ظˆظ...ظ†ظ‡ط§ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ط®طμظˆطμ:
ظ...ط1ط±ظƒط© ط ̈ظˆط°ظ†ظ8ط ̈:1908
ظ...ط1ط§ط±ظƒ طهط§ظپظ8ظ„ط§ظ„طه:1918-1919
ظ...ط1ط§ط±ظƒ طهظˆط ̄ط؛ظ‰:1918-1919
ظ...ط1ط§ط±ظƒ ط£ظ8طه ظ8ط1ظ‚ظˆط ̈ ظˆطهظˆظ†ظپظ8طه:1929-1930
ظ...ط1ط±ظƒط© طهط§ط±ط ̄ط©:1930
ظ...ط1ط±ظƒط© طهط§ط2ظƒط2ط§ظˆطه:1932
ظ...ط1ط±ظƒط© ط3ط±ط ̄ط±ط§ط±ط¥ظ8ط؛ظپظ...ط§ظ†:1932
ظˆظپظ8 ط ̈ط ̄ط§ظ8ط© ط«ظ„ط§ط«ظ8ظ†ظ8ط§طه ط§ظ„ظ‚ط±ظ† ط§ظ„ظ...ط§ط¶ظ8 ط£طμط ̈ط­ "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ط£ط­ط ̄ ط£ظ‡ظ... ط2ط1ظ...ط§ط، ط§ظ„ظ...ظ‚ط§ظˆظ...ط© ط ̈ط§ظ„ط¬ظ†ظˆط ̈ ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ‚ظ8 ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط¬ط§ظ†ط ̈ "ط1ظ„ظ8 ط£ظˆط.ط±ظ...ظˆظ†" ظˆ"ظ...ظˆط­ظ‰ ط1ط±ط¬ظ8"طŒ ظˆظ‚ط ̄ ط¬ط±ط­ "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ظپظ8 ظ...ط1ط±ظƒط© "طهظ8ط±ظƒط§" ط ̈ط£ط1ط§ظ„ظ8 ظˆط§ط ̄ظ8 ط؛ط±ظ8ط3 ظپظ8 ظ8ظˆظ†ظ8ظˆ1933 طŒ ظˆظپظ8 ظ8ظˆظ„ظ8ظˆط2 ظ...ظ† ظ†ظپط3 ط§ظ„ط3ظ†ط© ط£ط ̈ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ط ̈ظ„ط§ط، ط§ظ„ط­ط3ظ† ظپظ8 ظ...ط1ط§ط±ظƒ "طهظ8ط2ظ8 ظ† ط£ظˆط؛ط±ظˆظ..." ط ̈ط§ظ„ط£ط.ظ„ط3 ط§ظ„ظƒط ̈ظ8ط± ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ‚ظ8 ظˆط¬ط ̄ظ8ط± ط ̈ط§ظ„ط°ظƒط± ط£ظ†ظ‡ ط±ظپط¶ ظ...ظ‚طهط±ط­ط§ ط ̈ط§ظ„طهظپط§ظˆط¶ ظ...ط1 ط3ظ„ط.ط§طه ط§ظ„ط¥ط3طهط1ظ...ط§ط± ظپظ8 ط ̈ط ̄ط§ظ8ط© ط؛ط ́طه 1933 ط¢ظ†ط¦ط° ط§ظ„طهظپطه ط­ظˆظ„ظ‡ ط±ط­ط§ظ„ط© "ط£ظ8طه ط1ظ8ط3ظ‰ ظ8ط2ظ..." ظˆظ...ظ‚ط§ظˆظ...ظˆط§ ط ̈ط§ظ‚ظ8 ظپط®ط°ط§طه "ط£ظ8طه ظ...ط±ط؛ط§ط ̄آ " ظˆظ...ظ‚ط§ظˆظ...ظˆظ† ظ...ظ† ط§ظ„ط¬ظ†ظˆط ̈ ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ‚ظ8 ظˆط§ظ„ط£ط.ظ„ط3 ط§ظ„ظƒط ̈ظ8ط± ط§ظ„ط ́ط±ظ‚ظ8 ظ„طμط1ظˆط ̄ ط¬ط ̈ظ„" ط ̈ط§ط ̄ظˆ" ط§ظ„ط°ظ8 ط£طμط ̈ط­ ط¢ط®ط± ظ...ط1ط§ظ‚ظ„ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ‚ط§ظˆظ...ط© ط ̈ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط.ظ‚ط©طŒ ظˆظ‚ط ̄ ظ‚ط§ظˆظ...ظˆط§ ظ...ظ‚ط§ظˆظ...ط© ط ́ط±ط3ط© ط¶ط ̄ ط®ط.ط© ط­ط±ط ̈ظ8ط© ظˆط¶ط1ظ‡ط§ ط£ط±ط ̈ط1ط© ط¬ظ†ط±ط§ظ„ط§طه ظ...ظ† ط£ط1طهظ‰ ط¬ظ†ط±ط§ظ„ط§طه ظپط±ظ†ط3ط§ ط§ظ„ط°ظ8ظ† ط£ظ...ط±ظˆط§ ط ̈ط¥ط.ظ„ط§ظ‚ ط§ظ„ظ†ط§ط± ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ط£ط®ط¶ط± ظˆط§ظ„ظ8ط§ط ̈ط3 ط ̈ط§ظ„ظ...ط ̄ط§ظپط1 ط§ظ„ط±ط ́ط§ط ́ط© ظˆظ‚ظ†ط§ط ̈ظ„ ط§ظ„ط.ط§ط¦ط±ط§طه ط£طهطه ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ...ط¦ط§طه ط§ظ„ط£ط±ظˆط§ط­ ظˆط¢ظ„ط§ظپ ط±ط¤ظˆط3 ط§ظ„ظ...ط§ط ́ظ8ط© ظˆظ‚ط.ط1طه ط3ط ̈ظ„ ط§ظ„طهظ...ظˆظ8ظ† ظˆظ...ظ†ط1طه ط§ظ„ظˆطμظˆظ„ ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ظ†ظ‚ط. ط§ظ„ظ...ط§ط، ظپظ8 ط¥ط.ط§ط± ط3ظ8ط§ط3ط© ط§ظ„طهط¬ظˆظ8ط1طŒ ظˆظ„ظ...ط§ ظپط.ظ† ط§ظ„ط2ط1ظ8ظ... "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ط£ظ†ظ‡ظ... ط¥ظ† ط ̈ظ‚ظˆط§ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ‡ط°ظ‡ ط§ظ„ط­ط§ظ„ ظپظ„ظ† ظ8ط ̈ظ‚ظ‰ ظپظ8ظ‡ظ... ط£ط­ط ̄ ط§ط¶ط.ط± ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ†ط2ظˆظ„ ظˆط§ظ„ظ...ظپط§ظˆط¶ط© ظ...ط1 ط§ظ„ظ...ط3طهط1ظ...ط± ط ̈ط ́ط±ظˆط. طهط¶ظ...ظ† ظƒط±ط§ظ...ط© "ط£ظ8طه ظ...ط±ط؛ط§ط ̄". ط¬ط±ط­ "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ظپظ8 ظˆط¬ظ‡ظ‡ ظˆظپظ...ظ‡طŒ ظˆط£ط«ظ†ط§ط، ظ†ط2ظˆظ„ظ‡ ظپظ8 29 ط؛ط ́طه 1933 ظ...ظ† ط¬ط ̈ظ„ ط ̈ط§ط ̄ظˆ ط§ط3طهظ‚ط ̈ظ„ظ‡ ط§ظ„ط¬ظ†ط±ط§ظ„ "ط¬ظ8ط±ظˆ" ظˆظˆط¶ط1طهظ‡ ط3ظ„ط.ط§طه ط§ظ„ط­ظ...ط§ظ8ط©آ ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ط ̈ط ̄ط§ظ8ط© ط±ظ‡ظ† ط§ظ„ط¥ظ‚ط§ظ...ط© ط§ظ„ط¬ط ̈ط±ظ8ط© ط ̈طهط§ط ̄ظ8ط؛ظˆط3طه ظ...ظ†1933 ط¥ظ„ظ‰ 1937 ظˆطهط­طه ط¶ط؛ط. ط£ط1ظ8ط§ظ† "ط£ظ8طه ط1ظ8ط3ظ‰ ظ8ط2ظ..." ط§ظ„ط°ظ8ظ† ط ̈ط1ط«طهظ‡ظ... ط¥ظ„ظ8ظ‡ ط3ظ„ط.ط§طه ط§ظ„ط­ظ...ط§ظ8ط© ظ‚ط ̈ظ„ ط1ظ„ظ‰ ظ...ط¶ط¶ ظ...ظ†طμط ̈ ظ‚ط§ط¦ط ̄ ط ̄ط§ط¦ط±ط© ط£ظ8طه ظ...ط±ط؛ط§ط ̄ ط£ط3ظˆظ„ ظپط§ط3طهظ‚ط± "ط ̈طهظ8ظ...ط.ط ̄ظ8طه" ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط ̈ط1ط ̄ 15 ظƒظ„ظ... ظ...ظ† "ط£ط3ظˆظ„" ظˆط ́ط؛ظ„ ط°ظ„ظƒ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†طμط ̈ ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط­ظ8ظ† ظˆظپط§طهظ‡ ط§ظ„ظ...ط£ط3ط§ظˆظ8ط© ظپظ8 10 ظ8ظˆظ„ظ8ظˆط2 ط3ظ†ط© 1943 ط ̈ط¬ط ̈ظ„" طهط§ط1ط ̈ط§ط3طه" ط ̈ط£ط1ط§ظ„ظ8 ظ‚طμط± "ط£ظ8طه ط ̈ط±ط§ظ‡ظ8ظ..." ط®ظ„ط§ظ„ ط®ط±ظˆط¬ظ‡ ظ„ظ„طμظ8ط ̄ ط ̈ط ̄ط1ظˆط© ظ...ظ† طμط ̄ظ8ظ‚ ظ„ظ‡ .
ظ„ظ...ط§ ظ†ط2ظ„ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ†ط§ط¶ظ„ "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ظ...ظ† ط¬ط ̈ظ„" ط ̈ط§ط ̄ظˆ" ط§ظ‚طهط±ط­ ط1ظ„ظ8ظ‡ ط§ظ„ظپط±ظ†ط3ظ8ظˆظ† طهط±ظ...ظ8ظ... ط£ط3ظ†ط§ظ†ظ‡ ط§ظ„طهظ8 ظپظ‚ط ̄ظ‡ط§ ظپظ8 ط§ظ„ظ...ط1ط§ط±ظƒ ظپظƒط§ظ† ط¬ظˆط§ط ̈ظ‡:"ط§ظ„ط£ط3ظ†ط§ظ† طهطμظ„ط­ ظ„ظ„ط¶ط­ظƒ طŒ ط£ظ8 ظپط±ط­ ط§ظ„ط¢ظ† ظˆظ†ط­ظ† ظ...ط؛ظ„ظˆط ̈ظˆظ†طں" ظˆظپظ8 ط£ظˆظ„ ط§ط3طهط¬ظˆط§ط ̈ ظ„ظ‡ ط3ط£ظ„ظ‡ طμط­ط§ظپظ8 ظ‚ط§ط¦ظ„ط§: "ظ„ظ...ط§ط°ط§ ط­ط§ط±ط ̈طه ط§ظ„ظپط±ظ†ط3ظ8ظ8ظ†طں "ظپط£ط¬ط§ط ̈ظ‡:"ط­ط§ط±ط ̈طه ظ...ظ† ط£ط¬ظ„ ط ̈ظ„ط§ط ̄ظ8طŒ ظƒظ†ط§ ظ†ط±ظ8ط ̄ ط¥ط®ط±ط§ط¬ ط§ظ„ط§ط­طهظ„ط§ظ„ ظ...ظ† ط ̈ظ„ط§ط ̄ظ†ط§".ط¥ظ† ظ‡ط°ظ8ظ† ط§ظ„ط¬ظˆط§ط ̈ظ8ظ† ظپظ8 ظ†ط ̧ط±ظ8 ظƒط§ظپظ8ط§ظ† ظ„ظ‡ط¤ظ„ط§ط، ط§ظ„ط°ظ8ظ† ظ8ط±ظ8ط ̄ظˆظ† ط£ظ† ظ8ط؛طهط§ظ„ظˆط§ ط§ظ„طهط§ط±ظ8ط® ظˆظ8ط؛طهط§ظ„ظˆط§ ط§ط3ظ... "ط2ط§ظ8ط ̄ ط£ظˆط3ظƒظˆظ†طهظ8" ظپظ8 ط°ط§ظƒط±طهظ†ط§ ط§ظ„ط¬ظ...ط§ط1ظ8ط©طŒ ظپط¥ط3ظ...ظ‡ ط1ظ†ط ̄ظ†ط§ ط±ظ...ط2 ط§ظ„ظ†ط ̈ظ„ ظˆط§ظ„ط ́ظ‡ط§ظ...ط© ظˆط§ظ„ظ...ط±ظˆط،ط© ظˆط§ظ„ظƒط±ط§ظ...ط©طŒ ظ„طهط±ظ‚ط ̄ ط±ظˆط­ظƒ ط ̈ط3ظ„ط§ظ... ظ8ط§ ط£ظ8ظ‡ط§ ط§ظ„ط ̈ط.ظ„طŒ ظپط§ط3ظ...ظƒ ط1ظ†ط ̄ظ†ط§ ظ8طهط­ط ̄ظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ†ط3ظ8ط§ظ†طŒ ظˆطهط°ظƒط±ظƒ ظپظ8 ط؛ظ†ظ‰ ط1ظ† ط£ظ† ظ8ط«ط ̈طه ظپظ8 "ط ̈ظ„ط§ظƒط©" ط ́ط§ط±ط1 ط£ظˆ ظ...ط¤ط3ط3ط©…
ظˆط£ظ†ط§ ط£ظƒطهط ̈ ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ظ...ظ‚ط§ظ„ ط£طهط®ظ8ظ„ظ‡ ظپظ8 ظ‚ط ̈ط±ظ‡ ظ8ط¶ط­ظƒ ظ...طهظ‡ظƒظ...ط§ ظˆط3ط§ط®ط±ط§ ظ...ظ† ط ̄ط3ط§ط¦ط3ظ‡ظ... ظˆظ‡ظˆ ظ8ظ‚ظˆظ„:"ط§ظپط1ظ„ظˆط§ ظ...ط§ ط ́ط¦طهظ...طŒ ظپط§ظ„ط£ط3ظˆط ̄ طهط ̈ظ‚ظ‰ ط£ط3ظˆط ̄ط§ ط±ط؛ظ... ظƒظ„ ط ́ظ8ط،"
ظ8ط§ ظ„ظ...ظ‡ط§ط2ظ„ ط§ظ„ط2ظ...ظ†!! ظ...ظ† ظ8طهط®ظ8ظ„ ط£ظ†ظ‡ ط3ظ8ط£طهظ8 ط­ظ8ظ† ظ...ظ† ط§ظ„ط ̄ظ‡ط± طهط3طهط±ط®طμ ظپظ8ظ‡ ظˆطهط ̈ط®ط3 ظپظ8ظ‡ ظ†ط¶ط§ظ„ط§طه ظ‡ظƒط°ط§ ط£ط ̈ط.ط§ظ„طŒ ظˆظ8ط ̄ط§ط3 ط1ظ„ظ‰ ط£ط3ظ...ط§ط¦ظ‡ظ... ظ...ظ† ط.ط±ظپ ط3ظپط§ط3ظپط© ط§ظ„ظ‚ظˆظ... ط ̈ظ...ظˆط§ط.ط¦ ط§ظ„ظ†ط1ط§ظ„طŒ ط¥ظ†ظ‡ط§ ط ̈ط­ظ‚ ظ„ط¢ظ8ط© ظ...ظ† ط¢ظ8ط§طه ط±ط ̄ط§ط،ط© ظ‡ط°ط§ ط§ظ„ط2ظ...ط§ظ†… ظ8ظ...ظƒط±ظˆظ† ظˆظ8ظ...ظƒط± ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ ظˆط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ ط®ظ8ط± ط§ظ„ظ...ط§ظƒط±ظ8ظ†.